ABSTRACT
To investigate the penetration of cefixime and ciprofloxacin to the rabbit eye on the basis of microbial inhibition of aqueous and vitreous humour after oral administration. In this experimental study, 36 rabbits [72 eyes] were randomly divided into two groups; group A consisted of 20 rabbits and group B 16 rabbits. Each group was divided into four equal subgroups. The rabbits in each subgroup of group A received 4, 8, 12, and 20 mg/kg of syrup of cefixime every 12 hr respectively and the rabbits in each subgroup of group B received 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg tablet of ciprofloxacin respectively every 12 hr. Immediately after the first dose of the drugs, the anterior chamber of one eye was irrigated randomly by 30-40 cc of ringer lactate solution alongside with mild traumatization of iris. Then by 4, 8, 12, 24 and 72 hr intervals after the 3rd dose, 0.1 cc of aqueous, 0.2-0.5 cc of vitreous, 3 cc of blood and one standard disk of the used antibiotic was placed on culture media of a known bacteria which was completely sensitive to the respective antibiotic. Forty eight hours later, the microbial inhibition zone of each sample and the standard disk of antibiotic were compared. No microbial inhibition was seen by sample of aqueous and vitreous, although very large zone of inhibition was seen by blood sample and standard disk of antibiotic. It seems that oral cefixime and ciprofloxacin do not produce an effective dose for microbial inhibition in rabbit eye
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Aqueous Humor/drug effects , Vitreous Body/drug effects , Cefixime/administration & dosage , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacokinetics , Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Anterior Chamber , Culture Media , Eye Infections/drug therapy , RabbitsABSTRACT
Introducción.Para el tratamiento parenteral-oral con ceftriaxona y amikacina seguido de cefixima en niños con neutropenia y fiebre de causa hemato-oncológica,se realizó un estudio prospectivo entre los meses de mayo de 1997 y noviembre de 1999.Métodos.Durante dicho período fueron incluidos 101 episodios de neutropenia(neutrófilos menor 500/mm3 o recuento entre 500 y 1000/mmm3 y caida mayor 25 por ciento en la última semana)y fiebre(un pico febril >38,5 grados C o dos >38,1 grados C)en niños con enfermedad hemato-oncológica de bajo riesgo.Se definió al paciente de bajo riesgo como aquél que no presentaba signos severos de cormobilidad asociados(sangrados incoercibles,trastornos metabólicos refractarios al tratamiento,insuficiencia renal,hepática o respiratoria)mala condición clínica,predicción de padecer neutropenia más de 10 días no celulitis(de boca,periné,sobre el catéter)enteritis o mucositis severa.Todos los pacientes recibieron ceftriaxona(100 mg/kg/día,EV cada 24 horas)junto a amikacina(15mg/kg/día,EV cada 24 horas)durante 3 días,seguido de cefixima(8 mg/kg/día,VO cada 24 horas)por 4 días más.Conclusiones.Los niños con neutropenia y fiebre de causa hemato-oncológica individualizados correctamente como de bajo riesgo pueden recibir inicialmente ceftriaxoma y amikacina durante 3 días y luego completar el tratamiento con 4 días más de cefixima por vía oral con buena eficacia y seguridad